Different Kinds of Concrete for Construction
Fun fact: concrete is the most produced and used material and people use concrete in different projects even outside construction. In fact, other materials used also contain concrete. This is how ubiquitous concrete is. Although you know one face of concrete, and know-how versatile it can be, there is also one thing you need to know about concrete: not all concrete is the same.
There are several types of concrete that exist and are used in the world in different applications. For instance, one of the oldest kinds is the concrete recipe used by the ancient Romans for their construction before, which is a mixture of hydrated lime and volcanic ash. Since then, the concrete mixture has evolved up to this date and has become increasingly diverse and advanced.
The following are the different types of concrete:
High-Strength Concrete – suggested by its name, high-strength concrete is different from the normal concrete used in the construction. They differ in their ability to resist a certain amount of force without breaking. The concrete strength was differentiated by the American Concrete Institute where a high-strength concrete is said to have a compressive strength of over 6,000 pounds square inch (psi). Another thing that differentiates this kind of concrete from the normal is the silica fume that is added to strengthen the bond between the aggregate and the cement. However, this makes the concrete hydrate faster which makes dry quicker too. To amend this, a superplasticizer is added to slow down the chemical reaction between water and cement.
Modern Concrete – this type of concrete is commonly made of aggregate, water-chemical, and Portland cement mixtures. You need to understand the concrete and cement are two different things, although completely related. Cement refers to the ingredient used in making concretes, while concrete refers to the resulted mixture of cement, water, and aggregates. Modern concrete is what is used for building, rebuilding, and improving infrastructure.
Stamped Concrete – this is the kind of concrete that is commonly used in different infrastructures such as pavements, parking lots, or other high-traffic areas. The process includes laying out the concrete, placing some molds, stamping, and hardening the concrete in order to make the appearance of natural stone. Once the stone is hardened, it will be sealed.
Limecrete – limecrete, also known as lime concrete, is a type of concrete that uses lime instead of cement. This substitute is claimed to be environmentally friendly as lime absorbs carbon dioxide and allows other organic materials like straw, wood, and hemp to be utilized as fibers without deterioration, unlike the cement. This is due to the ability of the lime to control moisture. This ability is also beneficial in one’s health as it prevents the growth of molds.
Other types in concretes:
- Shotcrete – invented by the taxidermist Carl Akeley in the year 1907.
- Self-Consolidating concrete – does not need any mechanical consolidation (vibrations)
- High-performance Concrete (HPC) – tough, long-term mechanical properties, strong
- Ultra-high-Performance Concrete – has a combination of ultra-fine powders and has a compressive strength of up to 29,000 psi.
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